MIR221
Summary: microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| microRNA 221 | MIM:300568 | Ensembl:ENSG00000207870 | HGNC:HGNC:31601 | PA164722609 | Xp11.3 |
GO terms in MIR221
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| BP | IDA | GO:0008285 | negative regulation of cell proliferation |
| BP | IMP | GO:0009749 | response to glucose |
| BP | IGI | GO:0010634 | positive regulation of epithelial cell migration |
| BP | IGI | GO:0010718 | positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition |
| BP | IDA | GO:0034115 | negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035195 | gene silencing by miRNA |
| BP | IEA | GO:0035195 | gene silencing by miRNA |
| BP | IGI | GO:0035195 | gene silencing by miRNA |
| BP | IMP | GO:0035195 | gene silencing by miRNA |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035278 | miRNA mediated inhibition of translation |
| BP | IMP | GO:0035278 | miRNA mediated inhibition of translation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0042531 | positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043065 | positive regulation of apoptotic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043066 | negative regulation of apoptotic process |
| BP | IMP | GO:0043066 | negative regulation of apoptotic process |
| BP | IMP | GO:0043536 | positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration |
| BP | ISS | GO:0044828 | negative regulation by host of viral genome replication |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045648 | positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0046427 | positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade |
| BP | IMP | GO:0048008 | platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048680 | positive regulation of axon regeneration |
| BP | IGI | GO:0050728 | negative regulation of inflammatory response |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051897 | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling |
| BP | IGI | GO:0060354 | negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production |
| BP | IDA | GO:0070373 | negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade |
| BP | IDA | GO:0070374 | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade |
| BP | IGI | GO:0090051 | negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:1900016 | negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response |
| BP | IDA | GO:1900087 | positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle |
| BP | ISS | GO:1900149 | positive regulation of Schwann cell migration |
| BP | IDA | GO:1902034 | negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation |
| BP | IDA | GO:1903122 | negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway |
| BP | IMP | GO:1903122 | negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway |
| BP | IGI | GO:1903671 | negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:1903691 | positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells |
| BP | IMP | GO:1904707 | positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| BP | ISS | GO:1904707 | positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| BP | IMP | GO:1904754 | positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration |
| BP | IGI | GO:1904995 | negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell |
| BP | ISS | GO:1905046 | positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration |
| BP | IMP | GO:1905064 | negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation |
| BP | IMP | GO:1905176 | positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:2000780 | negative regulation of double-strand break repair |
| CC | HDA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | HDA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IEA | GO:0035068 | micro-ribonucleoprotein complex |
| MF | IDA | GO:1903231 | mRNA binding involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing |
| MF | IGI | GO:1903231 | mRNA binding involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing |
| MF | IMP | GO:1903231 | mRNA binding involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing |
Gene expression in normal tissue: MIR221
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in MIR221
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| wikipathways | WP1530 | miRNA Regulation of DNA Damage Response |
| wikipathways | WP1545 | miRNAs involved in DNA damage response |
| wikipathways | WP2002 | miR-targeted genes in epithelium - TarBase |
| wikipathways | WP2004 | miR-targeted genes in lymphocytes - TarBase |
| wikipathways | WP2005 | miR-targeted genes in muscle cell - TarBase |
| wikipathways | WP2012 | miRs in Muscle Cell Differentiation |
| wikipathways | WP2023 | Cell Differentiation - Index expanded |
| wikipathways | WP2029 | Cell Differentiation - Index |
| wikipathways | WP2849 | Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation |
| kegg | hsa05206 | MicroRNAs in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in MIR221
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