TXNRD2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes a mitochondrial form important for scavenging reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. It functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, including a few localized in the cytosol and some lacking the C-terminal Sec residue, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2017].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| thioredoxin reductase 2 | MIM:606448 | Ensembl:ENSG00000184470 | HGNC:HGNC:18155 | PA38302 | 22q11.21 |
Gene Categories:
DRUGGABLE GENOMEGO terms in TXNRD2
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| CC | IBA | GO:0005737 | cytoplasm |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005739 | mitochondrion |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005739 | mitochondrion |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005759 | mitochondrial matrix |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| BP | TAS | GO:0000305 | response to oxygen radical |
| BP | IEA | GO:0022900 | electron transport chain |
| BP | TAS | GO:0034599 | cellular response to oxidative stress |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045454 | cell redox homeostasis |
| BP | IEA | GO:0098869 | cellular oxidant detoxification |
| MF | EXP | GO:0004791 | thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0004791 | thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0004791 | thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0016667 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors |
| MF | IEA | GO:0050660 | flavin adenine dinucleotide binding |
Gene expression in normal tissue: TXNRD2
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in TXNRD2
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| reactome | R-HSA-2262752 | Cellular responses to stress |
| reactome | R-HSA-3299685 | Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species |
| reactome | R-HSA-8953897 | Cellular responses to external stimuli |
| humancyc | THIOREDOX-PWY | thioredoxin pathway |
| kegg | hsa00450 | Selenocompound metabolism - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05225 | Hepatocellular carcinoma - Homo sapiens (human) |
| wikipathways | WP15 | Selenium Micronutrient Network |
| wikipathways | WP28 | Selenium Metabolism and Selenoproteins |
| wikipathways | WP408 | Oxidative Stress |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in TXNRD2
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