GNB3
Summary: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit which belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (C825T) in this gene is associated with essential hypertension and obesity. This polymorphism is also associated with the occurrence of the splice variant GNB3-s, which appears to have increased activity. GNB3-s is an example of alternative splicing caused by a nucleotide change outside of the splice donor and acceptor sites. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Additional alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G protein subunit beta 3 | MIM:139130 | Ensembl:ENSG00000111664 | HGNC:HGNC:4400 | PA176 | 12p13.31 |
GO terms in GNB3
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | TAS | GO:0003924 | GTPase activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0030507 | spectrin binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0051020 | GTPase binding |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006457 | protein folding |
| BP | IGI | GO:0006884 | cell volume homeostasis |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | TAS | GO:0008217 | regulation of blood pressure |
| BP | IGI | GO:0010468 | regulation of gene expression |
| BP | IGI | GO:0010906 | regulation of glucose metabolic process |
| BP | IGI | GO:0032350 | regulation of hormone metabolic process |
| BP | IGI | GO:0045598 | regulation of fat cell differentiation |
| BP | IGI | GO:0060259 | regulation of feeding behavior |
| BP | IGI | GO:0090181 | regulation of cholesterol metabolic process |
| BP | IGI | GO:0090207 | regulation of triglyceride metabolic process |
| BP | IGI | GO:0090325 | regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior |
| BP | IGI | GO:1903725 | regulation of phospholipid metabolic process |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| CC | IEA | GO:0030425 | dendrite |
| CC | IEA | GO:0044297 | cell body |
| CC | HDA | GO:0070062 | extracellular exosome |
Gene expression in normal tissue: GNB3
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in GNB3
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| wikipathways | WP2355 | Corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP289 | Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways |
| wikipathways | WP35 | G Protein Signaling Pathways |
| wikipathways | WP3929 | Chemokine signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP3932 | Focal Adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP4172 | PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP4223 | Ras Signaling |
| wikipathways | WP536 | Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell |
| wikipathways | WP706 | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways |
| pid | cone_pathway | Visual signal transduction: Cones |
| kegg | hsa04014 | Ras signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04062 | Chemokine signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04151 | PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04371 | Apelin signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04713 | Circadian entrainment - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04723 | Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04724 | Glutamatergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04725 | Cholinergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04727 | GABAergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04728 | Dopaminergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04742 | Taste transduction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04926 | Relaxin signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05032 | Morphine addiction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05034 | Alcoholism - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05167 | Kaposi,s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| pharmgkb | PA154444041 | Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| pharmgkb | PA2024 | Beta-agonist/Beta-blocker Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| netpath | Pathway_CRH | CRH |
| reactome | R-HSA-109582 | Hemostasis |
| reactome | R-HSA-109582 | Hemostasis |
| reactome | R-HSA-111885 | Opioid Signalling |
| reactome | R-HSA-112314 | Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission |
| reactome | R-HSA-112315 | Transmission across Chemical Synapses |
| reactome | R-HSA-112316 | Neuronal System |
| reactome | R-HSA-1296041 | Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels |
| reactome | R-HSA-1296059 | G protein gated Potassium channels |
| reactome | R-HSA-1296065 | Inwardly rectifying K+ channels |
| reactome | R-HSA-1296071 | Potassium Channels |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-163359 | Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation |
| reactome | R-HSA-163685 | Integration of energy metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-163685 | Integration of energy metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-195721 | Signaling by WNT |
| reactome | R-HSA-195721 | Signaling by WNT |
| reactome | R-HSA-202040 | G-protein activation |
| reactome | R-HSA-2980736 | Peptide hormone metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-372790 | Signaling by GPCR |
| reactome | R-HSA-373080 | Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) |
| reactome | R-HSA-381676 | Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-381676 | Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-381771 | Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) |
| reactome | R-HSA-382551 | Transport of small molecules |
| reactome | R-HSA-3858494 | Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling |
| reactome | R-HSA-3858494 | Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling |
| reactome | R-HSA-388396 | GPCR downstream signalling |
| reactome | R-HSA-390466 | Chaperonin-mediated protein folding |
| reactome | R-HSA-391251 | Protein folding |
| reactome | R-HSA-392170 | ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 |
| reactome | R-HSA-392451 | G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma |
| reactome | R-HSA-392499 | Metabolism of proteins |
| reactome | R-HSA-392518 | Signal amplification |
| reactome | R-HSA-392518 | Signal amplification |
| reactome | R-HSA-392851 | Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor |
| reactome | R-HSA-392851 | Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor |
| reactome | R-HSA-397795 | G-protein beta:gamma signalling |
| reactome | R-HSA-400042 | Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-400042 | Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-400508 | Incretin synthesis, secretion, and inactivation |
| reactome | R-HSA-4086398 | Ca2+ pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-4086398 | Ca2+ pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-416476 | G alpha (q) signalling events |
| reactome | R-HSA-416482 | G alpha (12/13) signalling events |
| reactome | R-HSA-418217 | G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta |
| reactome | R-HSA-418346 | Platelet homeostasis |
| reactome | R-HSA-418346 | Platelet homeostasis |
| reactome | R-HSA-418555 | G alpha (s) signalling events |
| reactome | R-HSA-418592 | ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 |
| reactome | R-HSA-418592 | ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 |
| reactome | R-HSA-418594 | G alpha (i) signalling events |
| reactome | R-HSA-418597 | G alpha (z) signalling events |
| reactome | R-HSA-420092 | Glucagon-type ligand receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-422356 | Regulation of insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-422356 | Regulation of insulin secretion |
| reactome | R-HSA-428930 | Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor |
| reactome | R-HSA-432040 | Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins |
| reactome | R-HSA-445717 | Aquaporin-mediated transport |
| reactome | R-HSA-451326 | Activation of kainate receptors upon glutamate binding |
| reactome | R-HSA-456926 | Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) |
| reactome | R-HSA-456926 | Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) |
| reactome | R-HSA-500657 | Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-500792 | GPCR ligand binding |
| reactome | R-HSA-6814122 | Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding |
| reactome | R-HSA-76002 | Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| reactome | R-HSA-76002 | Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| reactome | R-HSA-977443 | GABA receptor activation |
| reactome | R-HSA-977444 | GABA B receptor activation |
| reactome | R-HSA-991365 | Activation of GABAB receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-997272 | Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in GNB3
CLASSFICATION
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