GRIA2
Summary: Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from 4 related subunits, GRIA1-4. The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to render the channel impermeable to Ca(2+). Human and animal studies suggest that pre-mRNA editing is essential for brain function, and defective GRIA2 RNA editing at the Q/R site may be relevant to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, (including the flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties), has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 | MIM:138247 | Ensembl:ENSG00000120251 | HGNC:HGNC:4572 | PA28967 | 4q32.1 |
GO terms in GRIA2
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| CC | IEA | GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| CC | ISS | GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane |
| CC | TAS | GO:0009897 | external side of plasma membrane |
| CC | IEA | GO:0030054 | cell junction |
| CC | ISS | GO:0030425 | dendrite |
| CC | TAS | GO:0030666 | endocytic vesicle membrane |
| CC | IBA | GO:0032281 | AMPA glutamate receptor complex |
| CC | ISS | GO:0032281 | AMPA glutamate receptor complex |
| CC | NAS | GO:0043197 | dendritic spine |
| CC | IEA | GO:0045211 | postsynaptic membrane |
| CC | NAS | GO:0060076 | excitatory synapse |
| CC | TAS | GO:0098794 | postsynapse |
| CC | NAS | GO:0098843 | postsynaptic endocytic zone |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007165 | signal transduction |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007268 | chemical synaptic transmission |
| BP | IEA | GO:0034220 | ion transmembrane transport |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035235 | ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | TAS | GO:0035249 | synaptic transmission, glutamatergic |
| BP | IEA | GO:0060079 | excitatory postsynaptic potential |
| MF | ISS | GO:0001540 | amyloid-beta binding |
| MF | NAS | GO:0001540 | amyloid-beta binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0004970 | ionotropic glutamate receptor activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0004971 | AMPA glutamate receptor activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0004971 | AMPA glutamate receptor activity |
| MF | NAS | GO:0004971 | AMPA glutamate receptor activity |
| MF | TAS | GO:0005231 | excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity |
| MF | IEA | GO:0005234 | extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
Gene expression in normal tissue: GRIA2
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in GRIA2
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| netpath | Pathway_BDNF | BDNF |
| pid | ncadherinpathway | N-cadherin signaling events |
| kegg | hsa04024 | cAMP signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04080 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04713 | Circadian entrainment - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04720 | Long-term potentiation - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04723 | Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04724 | Glutamatergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04728 | Dopaminergic synapse - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04730 | Long-term depression - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05014 | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05030 | Cocaine addiction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05031 | Amphetamine addiction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05033 | Nicotine addiction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| wikipathways | WP2005 | miR-targeted genes in muscle cell - TarBase |
| wikipathways | WP2380 | Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP2636 | Common Pathways Underlying Drug Addiction |
| reactome | R-HSA-112314 | Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission |
| reactome | R-HSA-112315 | Transmission across Chemical Synapses |
| reactome | R-HSA-112316 | Neuronal System |
| reactome | R-HSA-399710 | Activation of AMPA receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-399719 | Trafficking of AMPA receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-399721 | Glutamate binding, activation of AMPA receptors and synaptic plasticity |
| reactome | R-HSA-416993 | Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-438066 | Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation |
| reactome | R-HSA-442755 | Activation of NMDA receptor and postsynaptic events |
| biocarta | fosbpathway | fosb gene expression and drug abuse |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in GRIA2
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