PPARG
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | MIM:601487 | Ensembl:ENSG00000132170 | HGNC:HGNC:9236 | PA281 | 3p25.2 |
GO terms in PPARG
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | IBA | GO:0000976 | transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0000977 | RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | ISA | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | ISM | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | NAS | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001076 | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001078 | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001103 | RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001227 | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0003677 | DNA binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0003677 | DNA binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0003682 | chromatin binding |
| MF | IMP | GO:0003690 | double-stranded DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | IEA | GO:0003707 | steroid hormone receptor activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0004879 | nuclear receptor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0004879 | nuclear receptor activity |
| MF | TAS | GO:0004955 | prostaglandin receptor activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0005504 | fatty acid binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008022 | protein C-terminus binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008144 | drug binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008144 | drug binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008270 | zinc ion binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008289 | lipid binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0019899 | enzyme binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0019903 | protein phosphatase binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0030331 | estrogen receptor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0030374 | nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0030374 | nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0033613 | activating transcription factor binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0042277 | peptide binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0042802 | identical protein binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0043565 | sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0043621 | protein self-association |
| MF | IDA | GO:0044212 | transcription regulatory region DNA binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0044212 | transcription regulatory region DNA binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0046965 | retinoid X receptor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0046965 | retinoid X receptor binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0046982 | protein heterodimerization activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0050544 | arachidonic acid binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0050692 | DBD domain binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0050693 | LBD domain binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0051393 | alpha-actinin binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0070888 | E-box binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0098531 | transcription factor activity, direct ligand regulated sequence-specific DNA binding |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm |
| CC | ISS | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| CC | IDA | GO:0032991 | protein-containing complex |
| CC | IDA | GO:0043231 | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle |
| CC | IEA | GO:0048471 | perinuclear region of cytoplasm |
| CC | IBA | GO:0090575 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex |
| CC | IDA | GO:0090575 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex |
| BP | IBA | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IDA | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | ISS | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001890 | placenta development |
| BP | IEA | GO:0002674 | negative regulation of acute inflammatory response |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006367 | transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006629 | lipid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0006631 | fatty acid metabolic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0006919 | activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0007165 | signal transduction |
| BP | IEA | GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IBA | GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development |
| BP | IEA | GO:0007507 | heart development |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007584 | response to nutrient |
| BP | IMP | GO:0008217 | regulation of blood pressure |
| BP | IEA | GO:0009409 | response to cold |
| BP | IEA | GO:0009612 | response to mechanical stimulus |
| BP | IBA | GO:0009755 | hormone-mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010742 | macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
| BP | IC | GO:0010745 | negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010745 | negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010871 | negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0010887 | negative regulation of cholesterol storage |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010887 | negative regulation of cholesterol storage |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010891 | negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride |
| BP | ISS | GO:0015909 | long-chain fatty acid transport |
| BP | IDA | GO:0016525 | negative regulation of angiogenesis |
| BP | IBA | GO:0019216 | regulation of lipid metabolic process |
| BP | IEA | GO:0019395 | fatty acid oxidation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0030154 | cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0030224 | monocyte differentiation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0030308 | negative regulation of cell growth |
| BP | ISS | GO:0030855 | epithelial cell differentiation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0031000 | response to caffeine |
| BP | IEA | GO:0031100 | animal organ regeneration |
| BP | IBA | GO:0031667 | response to nutrient levels |
| BP | IBA | GO:0032526 | response to retinoic acid |
| BP | IDA | GO:0032526 | response to retinoic acid |
| BP | IBA | GO:0032869 | cellular response to insulin stimulus |
| BP | IMP | GO:0032869 | cellular response to insulin stimulus |
| BP | IEA | GO:0032966 | negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process |
| BP | IEA | GO:0033189 | response to vitamin A |
| BP | IBA | GO:0033993 | response to lipid |
| BP | ISS | GO:0033993 | response to lipid |
| BP | IMP | GO:0035357 | peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IEA | GO:0035902 | response to immobilization stress |
| BP | IMP | GO:0042593 | glucose homeostasis |
| BP | IEA | GO:0042594 | response to starvation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0042752 | regulation of circadian rhythm |
| BP | IDA | GO:0042953 | lipoprotein transport |
| BP | IMP | GO:0043388 | positive regulation of DNA binding |
| BP | IEA | GO:0043401 | steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043537 | negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration |
| BP | IEA | GO:0043627 | response to estrogen |
| BP | TAS | GO:0045087 | innate immune response |
| BP | ISS | GO:0045165 | cell fate commitment |
| BP | ISS | GO:0045600 | positive regulation of fat cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045713 | low-density lipoprotein particle receptor biosynthetic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045892 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | ISS | GO:0045892 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | IMP | GO:0045893 | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | ISS | GO:0045893 | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045923 | positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IMP | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IEA | GO:0046321 | positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0048469 | cell maturation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0048511 | rhythmic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0048662 | negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0048714 | positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0050728 | negative regulation of inflammatory response |
| BP | ISS | GO:0050872 | white fat cell differentiation |
| BP | TAS | GO:0050872 | white fat cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051091 | positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| BP | IEA | GO:0051974 | negative regulation of telomerase activity |
| BP | TAS | GO:0055088 | lipid homeostasis |
| BP | IEA | GO:0060100 | positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment |
| BP | IMP | GO:0060336 | negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IC | GO:0060694 | regulation of cholesterol transporter activity |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060850 | regulation of transcription involved in cell fate commitment |
| BP | IMP | GO:0060965 | negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA |
| BP | IDA | GO:0061614 | pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IEA | GO:0071300 | cellular response to retinoic acid |
| BP | IEA | GO:0071306 | cellular response to vitamin E |
| BP | IEA | GO:0071380 | cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus |
| BP | IBA | GO:0071396 | cellular response to lipid |
| BP | IDA | GO:0071404 | cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus |
| BP | IEA | GO:0071455 | cellular response to hyperoxia |
| BP | IEA | GO:1901558 | response to metformin |
| BP | IDA | GO:1904706 | negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| BP | IMP | GO:1904706 | negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| BP | IMP | GO:1905461 | positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process |
| BP | IMP | GO:1905563 | negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation |
| BP | IEA | GO:2000230 | negative regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation |
Gene expression in normal tissue: PPARG
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in PPARG
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| biocarta | ppargpathway | role of ppar-gamma coactivators in obesity and thermogenesis |
| biocarta | pparpathway | basic mechanism of action of ppara pparb(d) and pparg and effects on gene expression |
| biocarta | vobesitypathway | visceral fat deposits and the metabolic syndrome |
| reactome | R-HSA-1257604 | PIP3 activates AKT signaling |
| reactome | R-HSA-1257604 | PIP3 activates AKT signaling |
| reactome | R-HSA-1266738 | Developmental Biology |
| reactome | R-HSA-1266738 | Developmental Biology |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-1989781 | PPARA activates gene expression |
| reactome | R-HSA-212436 | Generic Transcription Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-2990846 | SUMOylation |
| reactome | R-HSA-3108232 | SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins |
| reactome | R-HSA-381340 | Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation |
| reactome | R-HSA-381340 | Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation |
| reactome | R-HSA-383280 | Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-392499 | Metabolism of proteins |
| reactome | R-HSA-400206 | Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) |
| reactome | R-HSA-4090294 | SUMOylation of intracellular receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-556833 | Metabolism of lipids |
| reactome | R-HSA-597592 | Post-translational protein modification |
| reactome | R-HSA-6807070 | PTEN Regulation |
| reactome | R-HSA-6807070 | PTEN Regulation |
| reactome | R-HSA-73857 | RNA Polymerase II Transcription |
| reactome | R-HSA-74160 | Gene expression (Transcription) |
| reactome | R-HSA-8943724 | Regulation of PTEN gene transcription |
| reactome | R-HSA-8943724 | Regulation of PTEN gene transcription |
| reactome | R-HSA-9006925 | Intracellular signaling by second messengers |
| reactome | R-HSA-9006925 | Intracellular signaling by second messengers |
| wikipathways | WP1541 | Energy Metabolism |
| wikipathways | WP170 | Nuclear Receptors |
| wikipathways | WP1982 | Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins (SREBP) signalling |
| wikipathways | WP236 | Adipogenesis |
| wikipathways | WP2456 | HIF1A and PPARG regulation of glycolysis |
| wikipathways | WP2751 | Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation |
| wikipathways | WP2895 | Differentiation of white and brown adipocyte |
| wikipathways | WP299 | Nuclear Receptors in Lipid Metabolism and Toxicity |
| wikipathways | WP3599 | Transcription factor regulation in adipogenesis |
| wikipathways | WP363 | Wnt Signaling Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP3630 | NAD metabolism, sirtuins and aging |
| wikipathways | WP3942 | PPAR signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP3946 | White fat cell differentiation |
| wikipathways | WP3980 | Protein alkylation leading to liver fibrosis |
| wikipathways | WP4010 | Liver steatosis AOP |
| wikipathways | WP4011 | Steatosis AOP |
| wikipathways | WP4149 | White fat cell differentiation |
| wikipathways | WP4211 | Transcriptional cascade regulating adipogenesis |
| wikipathways | WP98 | Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation |
| pid | hdac_classi_pathway | Signaling events mediated by HDAC Class I |
| pid | nfat_tfpathway | Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes |
| pid | rb_1pathway | Regulation of retinoblastoma protein |
| pid | rxr_vdr_pathway | RXR and RAR heterodimerization with other nuclear receptor |
| pid | wnt_noncanonical_pathway | Noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway |
| pharmgkb | PA152241951 | Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| kegg | hsa03320 | PPAR signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04152 | AMPK signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04211 | Longevity regulating pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04380 | Osteoclast differentiation - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04714 | Thermogenesis - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05016 | Huntington,s disease - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05202 | Transcriptional misregulation in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05216 | Thyroid cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| netpath | Pathway_Gastrin | Gastrin |
| netpath | Pathway_Ghrelin | Ghrelin |
Gene-Drug: Aster Plot
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Model Num. |
|---|---|---|
| iGMDRD427 | ABT737 | 3 |
| iGMDRD116 | CD437 | 3 |
| iGMDRD1008 | SR-II-138A | 4 |
| iGMDRD148 | Pifithrin-mu | 3 |
| iGMDRD889 | Compound 7d-cis | 2 |
| iGMDRD123 | Isoevodiamine | 2 |
| iGMDRD394 | BX-795 | 1 |
| iGMDRD280 | CYTOCHALASIN B | 5 |
| iGMDRD61 | Kinetin riboside | 2 |
| iGMDRD314 | Tanespimycin | 2 |
| iGMDRD705 | Nakiterpiosin | 2 |
| iGMDRD187 | BRD9876 | 2 |
| iGMDRD870 | BRD63610 | 4 |
| iGMDRD137 | Indisulam | 2 |
| iGMDRD513 | BML-259 | 1 |
| iGMDRD300 | Tozasertib | 5 |
| iGMDRD353 | PD0325901 | 1 |
| iGMDRD286 | Nsc 632839 | 2 |
| iGMDRD100 | Zebularine | 2 |
| iGMDRD562 | Navitoclax | 2 |
| iGMDRD329 | Merck60 | 4 |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in PPARG
CLASSFICATION
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