GDF15
Summary: This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. The protein is expressed in a broad range of cell types, acts as a pleiotropic cytokine and is involved in the stress response program of cells after cellular injury. Increased protein levels are associated with disease states such as tissue hypoxia, inflammation, acute injury and oxidative stress. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| growth differentiation factor 15 | MIM:605312 | Ensembl:ENSG00000130513 | HGNC:HGNC:30142 | PA134866647 | 19p13.11 |
GO terms in GDF15
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | IBA | GO:0005125 | cytokine activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0005160 | transforming growth factor beta receptor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0008083 | growth factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0000187 | activation of MAPK activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0002023 | reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007165 | signal transduction |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007179 | transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007267 | cell-cell signaling |
| BP | IEA | GO:0010469 | regulation of signaling receptor activity |
| BP | IBA | GO:0010862 | positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0030509 | BMP signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035860 | glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0040015 | negative regulation of multicellular organism growth |
| BP | IBA | GO:0042981 | regulation of apoptotic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0043408 | regulation of MAPK cascade |
| BP | IMP | GO:0043410 | positive regulation of MAPK cascade |
| BP | IBA | GO:0048468 | cell development |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051897 | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling |
| BP | IMP | GO:0051897 | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling |
| BP | IBA | GO:0060395 | SMAD protein signal transduction |
| BP | IDA | GO:0060395 | SMAD protein signal transduction |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060400 | negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IEA | GO:1901741 | positive regulation of myoblast fusion |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005576 | extracellular region |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005737 | cytoplasm |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005794 | Golgi apparatus |
| CC | HDA | GO:0070062 | extracellular exosome |
Gene expression in normal tissue: GDF15
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in GDF15
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| wikipathways | WP4239 | EMT transition in Colorectal Cancer |
| pid | p53downstreampathway | Direct p53 effectors |
| pid | p73pathway | p73 transcription factor network |
| pid | tap63pathway | Validated transcriptional targets of TAp63 isoforms |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in GDF15
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