CA9
Summary: Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA IX is a transmembrane protein and is one of only two tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes known. It is expressed in all clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, but is not detected in normal kidney or most other normal tissues. It may be involved in cell proliferation and transformation. This gene was mapped to 17q21.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, however, radiation hybrid mapping localized it to 9p13-p12. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2014].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| carbonic anhydrase 9 | MIM:603179 | Ensembl:ENSG00000107159 | HGNC:HGNC:1383 | PA25998 | 9p13.3 |
GO terms in CA9
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | TAS | GO:0004089 | carbonate dehydratase activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0008270 | zinc ion binding |
| CC | IEA | GO:0005730 | nucleolus |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| CC | IEA | GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane |
| CC | IEA | GO:0016323 | basolateral plasma membrane |
| CC | IEA | GO:0031528 | microvillus membrane |
| BP | IEA | GO:0002009 | morphogenesis of an epithelium |
| BP | TAS | GO:0015701 | bicarbonate transport |
| BP | IEA | GO:0033574 | response to testosterone |
| BP | IEA | GO:0042493 | response to drug |
| BP | IEA | GO:0046903 | secretion |
| BP | TAS | GO:0061418 | regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia |
Gene expression in normal tissue: CA9
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in CA9
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| pid | hif1_tfpathway | HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network |
| kegg | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism - Homo sapiens (human) |
| pharmgkb | PA152241951 | Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| wikipathways | WP2727 | Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen |
| wikipathways | WP2877 | Vitamin D Receptor Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-1234158 | Regulation of gene expression by Hypoxia-inducible Factor |
| reactome | R-HSA-1234174 | Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-1475029 | Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide |
| reactome | R-HSA-2262749 | Cellular response to hypoxia |
| reactome | R-HSA-2262752 | Cellular responses to stress |
| reactome | R-HSA-8953897 | Cellular responses to external stimuli |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in CA9
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