XDH
Summary: Xanthine dehydrogenase belongs to the group of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases involved in the oxidative metabolism of purines. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Xanthine dehydrogenase can be converted to xanthine oxidase by reversible sulfhydryl oxidation or by irreversible proteolytic modification. Defects in xanthine dehydrogenase cause xanthinuria, may contribute to adult respiratory stress syndrome, and may potentiate influenza infection through an oxygen metabolite-dependent mechanism. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| xanthine dehydrogenase | MIM:607633 | Ensembl:ENSG00000158125 | HGNC:HGNC:12805 | PA37404 | 2p23.1 |
GO terms in XDH
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| BP | IDA | GO:0001933 | negative regulation of protein phosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0001937 | negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006195 | purine nucleotide catabolic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0006919 | activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process |
| BP | IEA | GO:0007595 | lactation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0009115 | xanthine catabolic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0009115 | xanthine catabolic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010629 | negative regulation of gene expression |
| BP | IEA | GO:0022900 | electron transport chain |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045602 | negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051898 | negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling |
| BP | IDA | GO:1900745 | positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade |
| BP | IDA | GO:1900747 | negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:2000379 | positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:2001213 | negative regulation of vasculogenesis |
| CC | HDA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IEA | GO:0005777 | peroxisome |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| CC | IEA | GO:0016529 | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| MF | IBA | GO:0004854 | xanthine dehydrogenase activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0004854 | xanthine dehydrogenase activity |
| MF | EXP | GO:0004855 | xanthine oxidase activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0004855 | xanthine oxidase activity |
| MF | IEA | GO:0005506 | iron ion binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity |
| MF | IEA | GO:0016614 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors |
| MF | IBA | GO:0016903 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors |
| MF | IPI | GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0043546 | molybdopterin cofactor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0050660 | flavin adenine dinucleotide binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0050660 | flavin adenine dinucleotide binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0051537 | 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding |
Gene expression in normal tissue: XDH
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in XDH
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| reactome | R-HSA-1280218 | Adaptive Immune System |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-15869 | Metabolism of nucleotides |
| reactome | R-HSA-168256 | Immune System |
| reactome | R-HSA-74259 | Purine catabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-8851680 | Butyrophilin (BTN) family interactions |
| reactome | R-HSA-8956319 | Nucleobase catabolism |
| wikipathways | WP15 | Selenium Micronutrient Network |
| wikipathways | WP1995 | Effects of Nitric Oxide |
| wikipathways | WP3633 | Caffeine and Theobromine metabolism |
| wikipathways | WP408 | Oxidative Stress |
| smpdb | SMP00028 | Caffeine Metabolism |
| smpdb | SMP00050 | Purine Metabolism |
| smpdb | SMP00144 | Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency |
| smpdb | SMP00167 | Adenylosuccinate Lyase Deficiency |
| smpdb | SMP00168 | AICA-Ribosiduria |
| smpdb | SMP00203 | Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency |
| smpdb | SMP00210 | Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency |
| smpdb | SMP00220 | Xanthine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (Xanthinuria) |
| smpdb | SMP00364 | Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome (LNS) |
| smpdb | SMP00365 | Gout or Kelley-Seegmiller Syndrome |
| smpdb | SMP00427 | Azathioprine Action Pathway |
| smpdb | SMP00428 | Mercaptopurine Action Pathway |
| smpdb | SMP00430 | Thioguanine Action Pathway |
| smpdb | SMP00512 | Xanthinuria type I |
| smpdb | SMP00513 | Xanthinuria type II |
| smpdb | SMP00535 | Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (APRT) |
| smpdb | SMP00536 | Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome |
| smpdb | SMP00537 | Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency |
| smpdb | SMP00609 | Mercaptopurine Metabolism Pathway |
| smpdb | SMP00650 | Doxorubicin Metabolism Pathway |
| humancyc | PWY-5695 | urate biosynthesis/inosine 5,-phosphate degradation |
| humancyc | PWY-6353 | purine nucleotides degradation |
| humancyc | PWY-6608 | guanosine nucleotides degradation |
| humancyc | PWY-6875 | retinoate biosynthesis II |
| humancyc | SALVADEHYPOX-PWY | adenosine nucleotides degradation |
| pharmgkb | PA165292163 | Doxorubicin Pathway (Cancer Cell), Pharmacodynamics |
| pharmgkb | PA165292177 | Doxorubicin Pathway, Pharmacokinetics |
| pharmgkb | PA165884757 | Caffeine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics |
| pharmgkb | PA165958541 | Theophylline Pathway, Pharmacokinetics |
| pharmgkb | PA165980774 | Uric Acid-Lowering Drugs Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| kegg | hsa00230 | Purine metabolism - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa00232 | Caffeine metabolism - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa00983 | Drug metabolism - other enzymes - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04146 | Peroxisome - Homo sapiens (human) |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in XDH
CLASSFICATION
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