PPARA
Summary: Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals that contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, although the full-length nature of only two has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha | MIM:170998 | Ensembl:ENSG00000186951 | HGNC:HGNC:9232 | PA280 | 22q13.31 |
GO terms in PPARA
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | IBA | GO:0000976 | transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0000977 | RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0000978 | RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | ISA | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | ISM | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | NAS | GO:0000981 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001076 | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0001077 | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001078 | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0001078 | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001103 | RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0001103 | RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0001190 | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0001223 | transcription coactivator binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0001227 | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | TAS | GO:0003677 | DNA binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0003707 | steroid hormone receptor activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0004879 | nuclear receptor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0004879 | nuclear receptor activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0005504 | fatty acid binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008144 | drug binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008144 | drug binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0008270 | zinc ion binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008289 | lipid binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008289 | lipid binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0019902 | phosphatase binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0019904 | protein domain specific binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0030374 | nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0031624 | ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0043565 | sequence-specific DNA binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0044877 | protein-containing complex binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0051525 | NFAT protein binding |
| MF | IEA | GO:0097371 | MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0098531 | transcription factor activity, direct ligand regulated sequence-specific DNA binding |
| BP | IBA | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IDA | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IEA | GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006367 | transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006629 | lipid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0006631 | fatty acid metabolic process |
| BP | IEA | GO:0006631 | fatty acid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development |
| BP | IEA | GO:0007507 | heart development |
| BP | IEA | GO:0008544 | epidermis development |
| BP | IBA | GO:0009755 | hormone-mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IC | GO:0010745 | negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010745 | negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010871 | negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0010887 | negative regulation of cholesterol storage |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010887 | negative regulation of cholesterol storage |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010891 | negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride |
| BP | TAS | GO:0015908 | fatty acid transport |
| BP | IBA | GO:0019216 | regulation of lipid metabolic process |
| BP | TAS | GO:0019216 | regulation of lipid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0030154 | cell differentiation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0030522 | intracellular receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IBA | GO:0031667 | response to nutrient levels |
| BP | TAS | GO:0032000 | positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation |
| BP | IEA | GO:0032091 | negative regulation of protein binding |
| BP | ISS | GO:0032099 | negative regulation of appetite |
| BP | IEA | GO:0032868 | response to insulin |
| BP | ISS | GO:0032922 | circadian regulation of gene expression |
| BP | IBA | GO:0033993 | response to lipid |
| BP | IEA | GO:0035095 | behavioral response to nicotine |
| BP | IEA | GO:0042060 | wound healing |
| BP | IEA | GO:0042157 | lipoprotein metabolic process |
| BP | ISS | GO:0042752 | regulation of circadian rhythm |
| BP | IEA | GO:0043401 | steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IEA | GO:0045722 | positive regulation of gluconeogenesis |
| BP | IEA | GO:0045776 | negative regulation of blood pressure |
| BP | IC | GO:0045820 | negative regulation of glycolytic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045892 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045893 | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045923 | positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | ISS | GO:0046321 | positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0050728 | negative regulation of inflammatory response |
| BP | IDA | GO:0050728 | negative regulation of inflammatory response |
| BP | IEA | GO:0070166 | enamel mineralization |
| BP | IBA | GO:0071396 | cellular response to lipid |
| BP | IDA | GO:0072363 | regulation of glycolytic process by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| BP | IDA | GO:0072366 | regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| BP | IDA | GO:0072369 | regulation of lipid transport by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| BP | IEA | GO:1901215 | negative regulation of neuron death |
| BP | IDA | GO:1902894 | negative regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IDA | GO:1903038 | negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion |
| BP | IEA | GO:2000678 | negative regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm |
| CC | IBA | GO:0090575 | RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex |
Gene expression in normal tissue: PPARA
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in PPARA
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| wikipathways | WP1541 | Energy Metabolism |
| wikipathways | WP170 | Nuclear Receptors |
| wikipathways | WP2011 | SREBF and miR33 in cholesterol and lipid homeostasis |
| wikipathways | WP236 | Adipogenesis |
| wikipathways | WP2797 | Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) |
| wikipathways | WP2878 | PPAR Alpha Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP2881 | Estrogen Receptor Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP2882 | Nuclear Receptors Meta-Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP2887 | Lipid storage and perilipins in skeletal muscle |
| wikipathways | WP299 | Nuclear Receptors in Lipid Metabolism and Toxicity |
| wikipathways | WP3355 | BMAL1-CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression |
| wikipathways | WP3942 | PPAR signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP4010 | Liver steatosis AOP |
| wikipathways | WP4011 | Steatosis AOP |
| pid | rxr_vdr_pathway | RXR and RAR heterodimerization with other nuclear receptor |
| kegg | hsa03320 | PPAR signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04024 | cAMP signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04920 | Adipocytokine signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04922 | Glucagon signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04931 | Insulin resistance - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04932 | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05160 | Hepatitis C - Homo sapiens (human) |
| biocarta | barrestinpathway | -arrestins in gpcr desensitization |
| biocarta | pgc1apathway | regulation of pgc-1a |
| biocarta | pparapathway | mechanism of gene regulation by peroxisome proliferators via ppara |
| biocarta | pparpathway | basic mechanism of action of ppara pparb(d) and pparg and effects on gene expression |
| biocarta | tollpathway | toll-like receptor pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-1266738 | Developmental Biology |
| reactome | R-HSA-1368082 | RORA activates gene expression |
| reactome | R-HSA-1368108 | BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-1430728 | Metabolism |
| reactome | R-HSA-1592230 | Mitochondrial biogenesis |
| reactome | R-HSA-1655829 | Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF) |
| reactome | R-HSA-1852241 | Organelle biogenesis and maintenance |
| reactome | R-HSA-1989781 | PPARA activates gene expression |
| reactome | R-HSA-1989781 | PPARA activates gene expression |
| reactome | R-HSA-212436 | Generic Transcription Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-2151201 | Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis |
| reactome | R-HSA-2426168 | Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP) |
| reactome | R-HSA-2990846 | SUMOylation |
| reactome | R-HSA-3108232 | SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins |
| reactome | R-HSA-381340 | Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation |
| reactome | R-HSA-383280 | Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-392499 | Metabolism of proteins |
| reactome | R-HSA-400206 | Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) |
| reactome | R-HSA-400206 | Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) |
| reactome | R-HSA-400253 | Circadian Clock |
| reactome | R-HSA-400253 | Circadian Clock |
| reactome | R-HSA-4090294 | SUMOylation of intracellular receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-556833 | Metabolism of lipids |
| reactome | R-HSA-556833 | Metabolism of lipids |
| reactome | R-HSA-597592 | Post-translational protein modification |
| reactome | R-HSA-73857 | RNA Polymerase II Transcription |
| reactome | R-HSA-74160 | Gene expression (Transcription) |
| reactome | R-HSA-8957322 | Metabolism of steroids |
Gene-Drug: Aster Plot
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Model Num. |
|---|---|---|
| iGMDRD634 | SCHEMBL2608041 | 2 |
| iGMDRD163 | all trans Retinoic Acid | 3 |
| iGMDRD61 | Kinetin riboside | 6 |
| iGMDRD316 | N9-Isopropyl-olomoucine | 3 |
| iGMDRD150 | RITA | 1 |
| iGMDRD701 | NVP-AUY922 | 3 |
| iGMDRD494 | Neopeltolide | 3 |
| iGMDRD584 | VER 155008 | 3 |
| iGMDRD607 | Ubistatin B | 3 |
| iGMDRD356 | PNU-74654 | 3 |
| iGMDRD730 | Kahalalide F | 3 |
| iGMDRD269 | Purmorphamine | 3 |
| iGMDRD782 | DC-45-A2 | 3 |
| iGMDRD434 | BMS-536924 | 3 |
| iGMDRD294 | Batimastat | 3 |
| iGMDRD513 | BML-259 | 3 |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in PPARA
CLASSFICATION
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