VEGFA
Summary: This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, and is essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Disruption of this gene in mice resulted in abnormal embryonic blood vessel formation. This gene is upregulated in many known tumors and its expression is correlated with tumor stage and progression. Elevated levels of this protein are found in patients with POEMS syndrome, also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome. Allelic variants of this gene have been associated with microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (MVCD1) and atherosclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from upstream non-AUG (CUG) codons resulting in additional isoforms. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is antiangiogenic. Expression of some isoforms derived from the AUG start codon is regulated by a small upstream open reading frame, which is located within an internal ribosome entry site. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015].
| Name | OMIM ID | Ensembl ID | HGNC ID | PHARMGKB ID | Map Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vascular endothelial growth factor A | MIM:192240 | Ensembl:ENSG00000112715 | HGNC:HGNC:12680 | PA37302 | 6p21.1 |
GO terms in VEGFA
| Term Type | Evidence Type | GO Term ID | GO Des. |
|---|---|---|---|
| MF | IDA | GO:0001968 | fibronectin binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0005125 | cytokine activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0005125 | cytokine activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005161 | platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005172 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0008083 | growth factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008083 | growth factor activity |
| MF | ISS | GO:0008083 | growth factor activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0008201 | heparin binding |
| MF | IMP | GO:0008201 | heparin binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0042056 | chemoattractant activity |
| MF | IDA | GO:0042056 | chemoattractant activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0042802 | identical protein binding |
| MF | ISS | GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity |
| MF | IBA | GO:0043183 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0043183 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0043184 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding |
| MF | IPI | GO:0043184 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding |
| MF | IBA | GO:0043185 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 binding |
| MF | IDA | GO:0046982 | protein heterodimerization activity |
| MF | IPI | GO:0048018 | receptor ligand activity |
| MF | IC | GO:0050840 | extracellular matrix binding |
| CC | TAS | GO:0005576 | extracellular region |
| CC | IBA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | ISS | GO:0005615 | extracellular space |
| CC | IDA | GO:0005737 | cytoplasm |
| CC | IDA | GO:0009986 | cell surface |
| CC | IEA | GO:0016020 | membrane |
| CC | IDA | GO:0030141 | secretory granule |
| CC | NAS | GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix |
| CC | TAS | GO:0031093 | platelet alpha granule lumen |
| BP | IDA | GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IBA | GO:0001525 | angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0001525 | angiogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001541 | ovarian follicle development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001569 | branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis |
| BP | TAS | GO:0001570 | vasculogenesis |
| BP | IBA | GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia |
| BP | IDA | GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001701 | in utero embryonic development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001822 | kidney development |
| BP | IBA | GO:0001934 | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0001934 | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0001938 | positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0001938 | positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0001938 | positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation |
| BP | IBA | GO:0002040 | sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0002042 | cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0002052 | positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0002053 | positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0002092 | positive regulation of receptor internalization |
| BP | TAS | GO:0002576 | platelet degranulation |
| BP | TAS | GO:0002687 | positive regulation of leukocyte migration |
| BP | ISS | GO:0003007 | heart morphogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0003151 | outflow tract morphogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0003169 | coronary vein morphogenesis |
| BP | TAS | GO:0006357 | regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | TAS | GO:0007399 | nervous system development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0007498 | mesoderm development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0007595 | lactation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell proliferation |
| BP | IMP | GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell proliferation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0008360 | regulation of cell shape |
| BP | IEA | GO:0010469 | regulation of signaling receptor activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010595 | positive regulation of endothelial cell migration |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010628 | positive regulation of gene expression |
| BP | IDA | GO:0010629 | negative regulation of gene expression |
| BP | TAS | GO:0019221 | cytokine-mediated signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0030224 | monocyte differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0030225 | macrophage differentiation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0030324 | lung development |
| BP | IDA | GO:0030335 | positive regulation of cell migration |
| BP | ISS | GO:0030855 | epithelial cell differentiation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0030949 | positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0031077 | post-embryonic camera-type eye development |
| BP | IDA | GO:0031334 | positive regulation of protein complex assembly |
| BP | IDA | GO:0031954 | positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0032147 | activation of protein kinase activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0032793 | positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0033138 | positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035148 | tube formation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035767 | endothelial cell chemotaxis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0035924 | cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus |
| BP | ISS | GO:0036303 | lymph vessel morphogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0038033 | positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IBA | GO:0038084 | vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0038091 | positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0038190 | VEGF-activated neuropilin signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0042462 | eye photoreceptor cell development |
| BP | IDA | GO:0042531 | positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein |
| BP | IMP | GO:0043066 | negative regulation of apoptotic process |
| BP | ISS | GO:0043129 | surfactant homeostasis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043154 | negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043406 | positive regulation of MAP kinase activity |
| BP | IDA | GO:0043536 | positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration |
| BP | IBA | GO:0045766 | positive regulation of angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045766 | positive regulation of angiogenesis |
| BP | IMP | GO:0045766 | positive regulation of angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045785 | positive regulation of cell adhesion |
| BP | IDA | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IMP | GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| BP | IBA | GO:0048010 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | IDA | GO:0048010 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | TAS | GO:0048010 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048469 | cell maturation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048593 | camera-type eye morphogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048739 | cardiac muscle fiber development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048754 | branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048842 | positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance |
| BP | ISS | GO:0048844 | artery morphogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0050679 | positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0050731 | positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:0050918 | positive chemotaxis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0050927 | positive regulation of positive chemotaxis |
| BP | IBA | GO:0050930 | induction of positive chemotaxis |
| BP | NAS | GO:0050930 | induction of positive chemotaxis |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051272 | positive regulation of cellular component movement |
| BP | IEA | GO:0051781 | positive regulation of cell division |
| BP | IDA | GO:0051894 | positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060319 | primitive erythrocyte differentiation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060749 | mammary gland alveolus development |
| BP | IBA | GO:0060754 | positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060948 | cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell development |
| BP | ISS | GO:0060982 | coronary artery morphogenesis |
| BP | TAS | GO:0061418 | regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia |
| BP | IMP | GO:0061419 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia |
| BP | IDA | GO:0071456 | cellular response to hypoxia |
| BP | ISS | GO:0071542 | dopaminergic neuron differentiation |
| BP | ISS | GO:0071679 | commissural neuron axon guidance |
| BP | IDA | GO:0090037 | positive regulation of protein kinase C signaling |
| BP | IDA | GO:0090050 | positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IGI | GO:0090050 | positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IMP | GO:0090050 | positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0090190 | positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis |
| BP | ISS | GO:0090259 | regulation of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance |
| BP | ISS | GO:0097475 | motor neuron migration |
| BP | IDA | GO:0097533 | cellular stress response to acid chemical |
| BP | IDA | GO:1900086 | positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation |
| BP | IDA | GO:1900745 | positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade |
| BP | IDA | GO:1901727 | positive regulation of histone deacetylase activity |
| BP | ISS | GO:1902336 | positive regulation of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance |
| BP | IDA | GO:1903572 | positive regulation of protein kinase D signaling |
| BP | IGI | GO:1903589 | positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IDA | GO:1903672 | positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis |
| BP | IGI | GO:1903672 | positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis |
Gene expression in normal tissue: VEGFA
Gene-model tissue-cancer distribution: Bubble Plot
Gene-drug pathway distribution
Pathways in VEGFA
| Database | Pathway ID | Pathway Des. |
|---|---|---|
| wikipathways | WP1591 | Heart Development |
| wikipathways | WP1984 | Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP1993 | Angiogenesis overview |
| wikipathways | WP2328 | Allograft Rejection |
| wikipathways | WP2374 | Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP2435 | Quercetin and Nf-kB- AP-1 Induced Cell Apoptosis |
| wikipathways | WP2586 | Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor |
| wikipathways | WP2727 | Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen |
| wikipathways | WP2828 | Bladder Cancer |
| wikipathways | WP2848 | Differentiation Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP306 | Focal Adhesion |
| wikipathways | WP3413 | NOTCH1 regulation of human endothelial cell calcification |
| wikipathways | WP3593 | miR-148a-miR-31-FIH1-HIF1?-Notch signaling in glioblastoma |
| wikipathways | WP3614 | Photodynamic therapy-induced HIF-1 survival signaling |
| wikipathways | WP3617 | Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling |
| wikipathways | WP3646 | Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| wikipathways | WP3678 | Amplification and Expansion of Oncogenic Pathways as Metastatic Traits |
| wikipathways | WP3888 | VEGFA-VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP3932 | Focal Adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling pathway |
| wikipathways | WP3943 | Robo4 and VEGF Signaling Pathways Crosstalk |
| wikipathways | WP4018 | Pathways in clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
| wikipathways | WP4066 | Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling |
| wikipathways | WP4086 | Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors |
| wikipathways | WP4172 | PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP4206 | Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathway |
| wikipathways | WP4241 | Type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma |
| wikipathways | WP474 | Endochondral Ossification |
| wikipathways | WP516 | Hypertrophy Model |
| wikipathways | WP706 | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways |
| smpdb | SMP00420 | Bevacizumab Action Pathway |
| kegg | hsa04010 | MAPK signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04014 | Ras signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04015 | Rap1 signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04060 | Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04066 | HIF-1 signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04151 | PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04370 | VEGF signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04510 | Focal adhesion - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04926 | Relaxin signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa04933 | AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05165 | Human papillomavirus infection - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05167 | Kaposi,s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05205 | Proteoglycans in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05206 | MicroRNAs in cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05211 | Renal cell carcinoma - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05212 | Pancreatic cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05219 | Bladder cancer - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05323 | Rheumatoid arthritis - Homo sapiens (human) |
| kegg | hsa05418 | Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis - Homo sapiens (human) |
| pid | avb3_integrin_pathway | Integrins in angiogenesis |
| pid | glypican_1pathway | Glypican 1 network |
| pid | hif1_tfpathway | HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network |
| pid | hif2pathway | HIF-2-alpha transcription factor network |
| pid | integrin1_pathway | Beta1 integrin cell surface interactions |
| pid | integrin3_pathway | Beta3 integrin cell surface interactions |
| pid | integrin_a9b1_pathway | Alpha9 beta1 integrin signaling events |
| pid | plexind1_pathway | Plexin-D1 Signaling |
| pid | s1p_s1p1_pathway | S1P1 pathway |
| pid | s1p_s1p3_pathway | S1P3 pathway |
| pid | shp2_pathway | SHP2 signaling |
| pid | tcptp_pathway | Signaling events mediated by TCPTP |
| pid | vegf_vegfr_pathway | VEGF and VEGFR signaling network |
| pid | vegfr1_2_pathway | Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 |
| pid | vegfr1_pathway | VEGFR1 specific signals |
| pharmgkb | PA152241951 | Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics |
| pharmgkb | PA2032 | VEGF Signaling Pathway |
| biocarta | hifpathway | hypoxia-inducible factor in the cardivascular system |
| biocarta | no1pathway | actions of nitric oxide in the heart |
| biocarta | vegfpathway | vegf hypoxia and angiogenesis |
| reactome | R-HSA-109582 | Hemostasis |
| reactome | R-HSA-114608 | Platelet degranulation |
| reactome | R-HSA-1234158 | Regulation of gene expression by Hypoxia-inducible Factor |
| reactome | R-HSA-1234174 | Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen |
| reactome | R-HSA-1280215 | Cytokine Signaling in Immune system |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-162582 | Signal Transduction |
| reactome | R-HSA-168256 | Immune System |
| reactome | R-HSA-194138 | Signaling by VEGF |
| reactome | R-HSA-194138 | Signaling by VEGF |
| reactome | R-HSA-194313 | VEGF ligand-receptor interactions |
| reactome | R-HSA-195399 | VEGF binds to VEGFR leading to receptor dimerization |
| reactome | R-HSA-212436 | Generic Transcription Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-2262749 | Cellular response to hypoxia |
| reactome | R-HSA-2262752 | Cellular responses to stress |
| reactome | R-HSA-4420097 | VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-4420097 | VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway |
| reactome | R-HSA-449147 | Signaling by Interleukins |
| reactome | R-HSA-5218921 | VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation |
| reactome | R-HSA-6785807 | Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling |
| reactome | R-HSA-73857 | RNA Polymerase II Transcription |
| reactome | R-HSA-74160 | Gene expression (Transcription) |
| reactome | R-HSA-76002 | Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| reactome | R-HSA-76005 | Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ |
| reactome | R-HSA-8864260 | Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors |
| reactome | R-HSA-8866910 | TFAP2 (AP-2) family regulates transcription of growth factors and their receptors |
| reactome | R-HSA-8953897 | Cellular responses to external stimuli |
| reactome | R-HSA-9006934 | Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases |
| reactome | R-HSA-9006934 | Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases |
Gene-Drug: Aster Plot
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Model Num. |
|---|---|---|
| iGMDRD21 | Fluorouracil | 1 |
| iGMDRD152 | 179324-69-7 | 1 |
| iGMDRD259 | EX-527 | 1 |
| iGMDRD795 | BMN 673 | 1 |
| iGMDRD889 | Compound 7d-cis | 3 |
| iGMDRD387 | CHIR-99021 | 2 |
| iGMDRD659 | Avagacestat (BMS-708163) | 1 |
| iGMDRD654 | SL 0101-1 | 2 |
| iGMDRD135 | Lenalidomide | 1 |
| iGMDRD462 | OSI-906 (Linsitinib) | 1 |
| iGMDRD781 | Sirolimus | 3 |
| iGMDRD577 | BIX01294 | 3 |
| iGMDRD312 | Pelitinib | 1 |
| iGMDRD453 | GW2580 | 1 |
| iGMDRD399 | Selumetinib | 2 |
| iGMDRD451 | Serdemetan | 3 |
| iGMDRD700 | AUY922 | 1 |
| iGMDRD134 | Sorafenib | 1 |
| iGMDRD474 | Avrainvillamide | 3 |
| iGMDRD318 | PAC-1 | 3 |
| iGMDRD1019 | TL-2-105 | 1 |
| iGMDRD178 | MG-132 | 1 |
| iGMDRD461 | VX-11e | 1 |
| iGMDRD605 | AZD6482 | 1 |
| iGMDRD347 | Y-39983 | 1 |
| iGMDRD719 | IOX2 | 2 |
| iGMDRD148 | Pifithrin-mu | 3 |
| iGMDRD48 | Dexamethasone | 3 |
| iGMDRD20 | Embelin | 1 |
| iGMDRD125 | BIRB-796 | 1 |
| iGMDRD532 | Olaparib | 1 |
| iGMDRD122 | Levoleucovorin | 1 |
| iGMDRD329 | Merck60 | 1 |
| iGMDRD80 | Irinotecan | 1 |
| iGMDRD544 | Vismodegib (GDC-0449) | 1 |
| iGMDRD993 | QL-XII-61 | 1 |
| iGMDRD837 | Bevacizumab | 1 |
| iGMDRD695 | FR-180204 | 1 |
| iGMDRD412 | VX-702 | 1 |
| iGMDRD353 | PD0325901 | 1 |
| iGMDRD935 | JQ12 | 1 |
| iGMDRD227 | Fatostatin A | 6 |
| iGMDRD293 | Bleomycin | 2 |
| iGMDRD311 | Dacinostat | 1 |
| iGMDRD733 | SGC0946 | 1 |
| iGMDRD372 | TGX 221 | 1 |
| iGMDRD434 | BMS-536924 | 1 |
Gene in drug-gene network: Network Plot
Gene-drug targets distribution
Gene Structure: PDB
Models in VEGFA
CLASSFICATION
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